Manufacture of brushes



Aug. 21, 1923. 1,465,919

- M. P. BENSON ET AL MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES Filed April 30. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R oooooooooo ATTORNEY Aug. 21, 1923.

M. P. BENSON ET AL MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES Filed April 50 1921 Tiqi.

2 Sheets-She et 2 Patented Aug. 21, 1923.

UNITED STATES T 0 all/whom it mag concern:

Be it known. that we, MATTHEW P. BEN- SON and MILTON M. YVInNnn, citizens of the United States, residing, respectively, at Troy, in the county'of Rensselaer and .State of New York, and New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Brushes, of

which'the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the art of brush making and has particular reference to the making of brushes in which the bristles are secured with. their heads within a water proof body.

Among the objects of the invention is to manufacture a brush in the most economical manner, the bristles of the finished brush being of slightly varying lengths for the sake of desirable penetration of the points thereof into the users hair.

A further object of the invention is to manufacture brushes in which said penetration is accomplished, the bristles employed being cut, for the sake of economy,

preferably of Varying lengths but when secured in the face portion of the pad the head I ends of the bristles will all be approxi mately in the same plane, wherebythe minimum length of bristles for'the purpose may be practiced.

Another object of the invention is to provide a brush the pad of which is vulcanized and with the head ends of the bristles secured therein in such a manner as to present the neatest possible finished appearance and with said head ends all remote from the edge of the pad, the vulcanizing along the edge being clean and smooth.

With the foregoing and other objects in View the invention consists in the arrange ment and combination of parts hereinafter described and claimed, and while the inven-,

tion is not restricted to the exact details of construction disclosed or suggested herein, still for the purpose of illustrating a practical embodiment thereof reference is bad to the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate the same parts in theseveral views, and in which Figure 1 is a plan view of the brush forms ing devices employed during the preliminary steps, parts being broken away.

next step' in the process.

Fig. 7 is a similar'view indicating the su c' PATENT OFFICE.

MATTHEW P. BENSONQ OF TROY, AND MILTON IVI. WIENER, OF NEW YORK,:1\T. Y.

MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES. I I

Application filed April 30, 1921. Serial No. 4=65,873.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical section of the same on the "line 22.

Fig. 3 is a plan view,'partlybroken away,

indicating the means employed for] com- 7 pleting the formation of the brush pad] Fig. 4 is a'vertical section of the same on the line 4'4.-.

of the parts during the operation of filling the bristles into the face sheet of the pad.

Fig. '6 isa View corresponding to Fig. 5

but with the parts shifted to indicate the ceeding steps. v

Fig. 8 is a viewof the means for com 'ple'ting the making ofthe brush pad.

Fig. 9 is a detail View of a portion of the brush finished and showing especially the uneven points of the bristles while the heads thereof are of approximately minimum length. V

Referring now more specifically to the" drawings 10 is a base plate having formed therein a multiplicity of pits l1, tapered to'their lower ends 'and' shown as conical.

This base is provided with a plurality of dowels 12, shown as two in number, 'ar-.

Except ranged near the ends ofthe base. as just described the base is preferably of uniform thickness throughout and may be of any desired length and width and may be drilled or otherwise arranged for the' making' of any desired at one operation. a I

Co-operating with the base is whati nay be termed a bristle receiver 13 having a multiplicity of holes 14 formed directly therethrough, each hole 14 being preferably of uniform cross section and shown as round, although the exact shape thereof is immate rial. Thenumber of these holes and the relative position thereof correspond exactly number of brushes to the number and position of the pits 11 above described, so that when the receiver r is placedupon the base the holes 14 and pits 11 will either all register each to each or will all entirely fail to register] Compare Figs. 2 and 5. The bottom face :of the receiver-is drilled with two pairs of holes 15 and 15,

the holes 15 I being adapted in the early stages of the process to receive the "dowels.

12 so as to hold the receiver in such position that the bottoms of the holes let are sealed by the flat surface of the base surrounding: the pits 1 1,. so constituting the;

holes 145 in the form shown as closed bottomed cylinders. The receiver is fitted with a plurality of pins 16' projecting upward fromthe upper surface thereof a short dis- 7 tance. The receiver is provided also with a pair of sockets 17 arranged near the periphery thereof, one socket being closer to "*theedge than. the other, for. the sake of convenience in manipulation of the device.

The next'element of the apparatus is a rim member 18 which may be referred to hereinafter as the'holding rim, the same being provided with a large central opening v19 surrounding the field of the holes 1%: and having a rabbet 20 on the lower surface ad jacent to said opening. This holding rim carries-also a pair of studs 2-1jto fit into the sockets 17' respectively to properlyv locate the holding rim in position on the receiver.

, 22zindica-tes-a sheet of rubber or its equivalent which is formed with a multiplicity of holes 23si1nilar in number and location to the holes liof'the receiver and with which they register accurately each to each when provided with amultiplicity of holes 25 havingflaring or funnel shaped upper ends 26. These holes register with the holes 3' and 14; I

l vith the parts assembled or arranged as shown in Fig. 5 the bristles 27' are filled.

into the registering holes aforesaid; which may be done by any well known means, such as a' sifting'process, the lower ends of the bristles being guided into andthrough the holes 25 by the flared upper ends 26, and the said lower ends or points of the bristles all come squarely against the top o-f the base 10. In order to provide for uneven or staggered arrangement. ofrthe bristle points in.

the finishedbrush and yet econom ze as to the length, the bristles are cut usually in three different standard lengths as indicated in the drawings and so when the bristles are .filled into the receiveras shown in Fig 5' the; hcad'ends thereof project upward t as many diiierent'eleva'tions as there are differentlengths of bristles. After the holes 28 .are filled with bristles. the walls thereof having suiiicient frictional engagement with the bristles, the bristles are thereby held in place temporarily while the leader TlS'IGlliOVOti and hat arranged in the same plane and then'sub bristles projected downward during from the step 'ofl ig. are that of Fig" the receiver together with the parts carried thereby is shifted to bring the bristles into alignment with the pits 11. To effect this shift the receiver is lifted from the dowels 12 which on entering the holes 15" accurately position and hold the receiver as shown in Fig. 6. The next step in the process is to depress the bristles into the pits 11 an act performed preferably by the hand of the operator. The force thus applied to the heads of the bristles-acts first'upon the longest bristles insuring that they will be forced down so that their points sink deepest into the points of the pits, while those' bristles of shorter length are settled orfforced downward to distances proportional to their re spective lengths. Thus the heads of the bristles after this operation will largely occupy the same horizontal plane at a moderate" elevation above'the top of the sheet 22. In sifting the bristles heterogeneously into and through the receiver in connection with means to limit the points thereof in a CO'U1' nion plane it will be understood that even though the bristles may be of varying lengths some of the groups may be composed of shorter bristles than other groups and even in some groups the" bristles may all approximate the 'samelength. though as a rule the bristles will be suitably staggered or'irregular in lengthin the several groups-r. It is essential therefore'that in order to secure the proper disparity of lengths of ji'he'point'endsof the bristles in every group in the finished brush there must bea prelim'i} nary step or stage in the process of XXV-1.11114 facture in which the points of the bristles are quent'ly for the bristles to be moved endi to varying distances'in accordance with iii final effective varying lengths of the bristles. In other words, if the bristles at thes'tage of Fig. 5 should happen to be all of approximately thesame length, by no otlier'po si J e means known to us could they be rearranged so as to stagger the point ends thereof for penetration except by themeans'ormethod described herein or its equivalent, because if" the bristles in any group shoul-zil happen w be of the same length the featureof penctration would necessarily be wautiiigin the.

finished brush irrespectivefof which' ei'id's of the bristles in Fig. 5 become eventually the points thereof in use. Again, while as stat cd above in the practice of this process the bristles areas a. rule collected in groups of varying lengths it must be obvious that the longest bristles will'be-projeeted and Hi the greatest extent into the tapered i In any groups however in which the 1011 length of bristles maybe.wanting the the enter the points of he pits and so be cmue the longest effective bristles in the finished brush. It follows therefore that the practice of this process is not dependent in all. cases upon employing bristles of varying lengths, although for greatest economy and best results we prefer to so cut them.

Now with the holding rim in place gripping the edge of the sheet 22 and surrounding the field of the bristles and with the head ends of the bristles suitably moistened a plunger 28 is forced downward within the opening 19 mashing the heads of the bristles fiat down upon the sheet 22. That portion of the holding rim overlapping the edge of the sheet 22 insures'that'none of the head ends of the bristles can approach the extreme edge of the sheet any closer than provided by the preferential width of the holding rim overlap.

The plunger and holding rim. are now removed, and a guide rim 29 having studs 21 is put in place of the holding rim. guide rim has an opening 30 similar in form to the opening 19 but enough larger to receive the sheet 22, see Fig. 8, leaving the entire upper surface of the sheet exposed. A binding strip 31, preferably soft rubber, is then put in place directly upon the heads of the bristles and against the upper surface of the sheet 22, the binding strip being of a size to substantially fill the opening and of any suitable thickness; Any suitable pressure means may be brought to bear upon the binding strip to make a permanent and Water-proof joint between the binding strip and the face sheet 22 and to thereby lock the bristles in the body thus formed. The preferred means of effecting this union is to employ a second sheet 82, referred to'here" inafter as the backing sheet, also of rubber. A follower 33 is then applied against the outer surface of the backing sheet, the follower having any suitable impression means as suggested at 34 for ornamentation or manufacturers identification. The device is then subjected to suitable heat and pressure to effect the desired union between the several sheets as above indicated, and this step ordinarily takes the form of vulcanization making the three plies of rubber, 22,v 31 and 32, into one integral body constituting the pad of the finished brush. See Fig. 9. The impression means 34 of the fol ower leaves the desired mark on the finished pad as a result of the vulcanization under pressure.

"Ne claim:

1. As an improvement in the manufacture of brushes, the assemblage of bristles of different lengths in groups with the points of the bristles all lying in the same plane and with the heads of the bristles lying in as many different planes as there are different lengths of bristles, then adjusting the bristles lengthwise to bring the. points of the longest bristles below those of shorter The Y responding to the varying lengths of the bristles, and then fixing the bristles permanently in the position last stated.

3. As an improvement in the art of making brushes, the filling of bristles in groups in a multiplicityf of holes in a bristle re ceiver whilelimiting the points ofthe bristles to approximately the bottom face of said receiver, frictionally holding the bristles in relation with the receiver, then forcing the bristles endwise to project the points there of beyond said bottom face of the receiver to varying distances according to their respective lengths, and then securing the bristles permanently in the relation last mentioned. r

4:. The process of manufacturing bristle brushes as set forth in claim 3 in which the bristles are filled through the receiver against 'a flat surface co-operating with the receiver to hold the bristles in the initial position, the means having said surface being formed with tapered pits offset from the bristles when. initially filled against said surface, and then shifting the receiver and bristles laterally to cause the bristles to aline with a multiplicity of said tapered pits. V r r 5. In the making of bristle brushes, the assemblage of a plurality of bristles of varying lengths so as to initially bring their points to about the same plane while the heads of the bristles occupy different planes,

then shifting the position of all of the bristles laterally, then adjusting the bristles longitudinally to cause the points of the longest of thebristles to project farther endwise than those of shorter length, then holding the bristles from endwise movement, then mashing over the head portions of the bristles at-about equal lengths and into the same plane, then applying a vulcanizable material against the mashed over heads, andqthen securing'the heads of the bristles in said of said material.

6. The herein described means for making bristle brushes comprislng, 1n combina- I plane by. the vulcanization rounding the field of bristle holes, said holdmg rim having a rabbet adjacent to said field for reeelving within it a brush pad sheet, and a plunger shdable Within the opening of the rim to mash down the head portions of bristles in connectionwith said sheet.

V 7. The herein described means for making bristle brushes comprising a base having a plurality of tapered pits a bristle receiver co-operating With the base and having a plurality of holes corresponding in number and 8. As an improvement in the art of mathingbrushes, the filling of bristles in groups through a multiplicity o ilihole's'in a bristle receiver while limiting the points ofthe bristles to approximately the bottom I of the receiver, trictionally hol'dingthe bristles in this relation with the receiver, then moving the bristles end'w'ise' to project the points thereof beyond said'bottom face of the receiver to different distancestherefroin so that the pointsof the bristles" of any group Will lie' indifferent planes and then finally securing the bristles permanently in the relation last mentioned, f

In testimony whereof we afiix our signa ture'sl I MATTHEW P; BENSON." MILTON MMVVIENER 

